Modern modeling of heterogeneous composite materials such as concrete, alkali-activated polymers, gypsum-based or lime-based materials in the presence of a number of additives often leads to a description at several separate levels, where physicochemical processes must be described at the microscopic level. The proposed dissertation aims to use the availability of correlations of several microscopic techniques such as SEM, FIB tomography, EDS and EBSD analyses and nanoindentation to describe these processes, the resulting structure, chemical and phase composition and mechanical response at the level of hydrates or reaction products. The given correlations will provide a detailed description and visualization of microscopic mechanisms including the necessary quantification of parameters entering multi-level models.